Tratamiento del cáncer de intestino

     Feeding
    Beauty and skin
    Sexuality
    Physical exercise
    Family
    Wellness and mind
    Reproduction
    Christmas

    Occupational Health
    Diseases
    Medicines
    Services

Special affiliates
Small bowel cancer

    information
    Specialists
    Associations
    Questions and answers

    What is it
    Causes
    symptom
    Prevention
    Types
    Diagnosis
    Treatments
    Other data

What is it

Small bowel cancer is a rare disease in which malignant cells form in the mucosa that lines the different sections of the small intestine: duodenum, jejunum and ileum.
Causes

The cause of small bowel cancer is unknown, however, there are some influential risk factors:

1. Poor nutrition (consumption of alcohol, sugars, red meat, etc).

2. Being a smoker.

3. Presence of intestinal polyps.

4. Having Crohn's disease.

5. Being diagnosed with a hereditary syndrome. The main ones are:

       CCHNP (nonpolyposis hereditary colon cancer). A loss in DNA repair capacity occurs due to a mutation in the MMR gene.

    Peutz-Jeghers syndrome: arise from hamartomatous polyps in the intestine.

    Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP): when there is a mutation of the APC gene, the tendency to develop polyps in the small intestine is higher.

Evaluate your symptoms
symptom

The signs that show the presence of this tumor are not clear or specific and, in addition, usually appear in a phase in which the disease is in an advanced state.

According to the Spanish Association Against Cancer, the most frequent are:

    Pain in the abdomen.

    Weightloss.

    Upset, such as nausea and vomiting.

    Blood in the fecal matter.

Prevention

Prevention is based both on avoiding the risk factors mentioned above, and on avoiding smoking. In addition, if there is a hereditary condition, although there is no official protocol established, periodic reviews should be made with specialists.
Types

We can find different types of tumors in the small intestine:

     Adenocarcinoma of small intestine: the tumor is focused on the cells of the mucosa. The most frequent location is in the duodenum.

     Carcinoids: are malignant tumors derived from a type of isolated cells of neuroendocrine origin. They are usually located in the ileum.

    Sarcomas: these types of tumors are not specific to the small intestine, however, they can be found in the muscles of their walls.







     Lymphomas: a variety of these called MALT, can be located in the small intestine.

Diagnosis

The disease is usually detected when it is already quite advanced.

Some of the most effective diagnostic procedures are:

    Upper digestive endoscopy: allows to visualize the duodenum.













   Digestive transit: it is a radiological procedure that allows to see anomalies in the intestinal wall by ingesting a barium contrast through the mouth, which passes through all the parts of the intestine.

   Abdominal CT: to allow observing the entire abdomen you can see lesions from 0.5 to 1 cm in any organ.   

Thoracic CT: used to check for lung metastases.  

 Abdominal magnetic resonance.

    PET-CT: marked glucose is introduced into the blood, so that cells that are in greater division process capture more glucose than the rest and, therefore, are more visible on CT. This greater cellular activity may indicate the presence of tumor cells.

    Analysis of tumor markers in blood. Treatments The treatment to follow depends on the stage of the disease: 

  In stage I, II and III tumors: surgical treatment is the most used option.

    In stage III tumors (positive lymph nodes): specialists advise to supplement the treatment with chemotherapy.   

Finally, in stage IV (advanced) tumors; Chemotherapy is the usual therapeutic option. Other data Small bowel cancer is unusual and accounts for only 2 percent of tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. In the global of all malignant tumors it accounts for less than 0.4 percent of cases. The average age in which it is most present is around 65 years. Monitoring and revisions When the treatment is concluded, it is necessary to perform regular check-ups to monitor the patient. The possibility of the disease coming back is higher during the first years. In the first three it is recommended to perform exams every few months and, from the fourth and fifth year, they could be separated a little more. The follow-up tests are usually the following:

     Complete analytics. 

  Abdominal ultrasound.   

Chest x-ray.

    Thoracic / abdominal CT

   Digestive transit. 

  Oral endoscopy